diff --git a/crates/typst-library/src/model/bibliography.rs b/crates/typst-library/src/model/bibliography.rs
index 51e3b03b0..fa25a79a4 100644
--- a/crates/typst-library/src/model/bibliography.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-library/src/model/bibliography.rs
@@ -142,12 +142,10 @@ pub struct BibliographyElem {
     pub style: Derived<CslSource, CslStyle>,
 
     /// The language setting where the bibliography is.
-    #[internal]
     #[synthesized]
     pub lang: Lang,
 
     /// The region setting where the bibliography is.
-    #[internal]
     #[synthesized]
     pub region: Option<Region>,
 }
diff --git a/crates/typst-library/src/model/cite.rs b/crates/typst-library/src/model/cite.rs
index 29497993d..fa03c28b2 100644
--- a/crates/typst-library/src/model/cite.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-library/src/model/cite.rs
@@ -110,12 +110,10 @@ pub struct CiteElem {
     pub style: Smart<Derived<CslSource, CslStyle>>,
 
     /// The text language setting where the citation is.
-    #[internal]
     #[synthesized]
     pub lang: Lang,
 
     /// The text region setting where the citation is.
-    #[internal]
     #[synthesized]
     pub region: Option<Region>,
 }
diff --git a/crates/typst-library/src/model/figure.rs b/crates/typst-library/src/model/figure.rs
index bec667d6e..9849b029e 100644
--- a/crates/typst-library/src/model/figure.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-library/src/model/figure.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use typst_utils::NonZeroExt;
 
 use crate::diag::{bail, SourceResult};
 use crate::engine::Engine;
+use crate::foundations::func;
 use crate::foundations::{
     cast, elem, scope, select_where, Content, Element, NativeElement, Packed, Selector,
     Show, ShowSet, Smart, StyleChain, Styles, Synthesize, TargetElem,
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ pub struct FigureElem {
     /// These are the counters you'll need to modify if you want to skip a
     /// number or reset the counter.
     #[synthesized]
-    pub counter: Option<Counter>,
+    pub counter: Counter,
 }
 
 #[scope]
@@ -315,15 +316,21 @@ impl Synthesize for Packed<FigureElem> {
         if let Some(caption) = &mut caption {
             caption.synthesize(engine, styles)?;
             caption.push_kind(kind.clone());
-            caption.push_supplement(supplement.clone());
-            caption.push_numbering(numbering.clone());
-            caption.push_counter(Some(counter.clone()));
-            caption.push_figure_location(location);
+            if let Some(supplement) = supplement.clone() {
+                caption.push_supplement(supplement);
+            }
+            if let Some(numbering) = numbering.clone() {
+                caption.push_numbering(numbering);
+            }
+            caption.push_counter(counter.clone());
+            if let Some(location) = location {
+                caption.push_figure_location(location);
+            }
         }
 
         elem.push_kind(Smart::Custom(kind));
         elem.push_supplement(Smart::Custom(supplement.map(Supplement::Content)));
-        elem.push_counter(Some(counter));
+        elem.push_counter(counter);
         elem.push_caption(caption);
 
         Ok(())
@@ -423,7 +430,6 @@ impl Refable for Packed<FigureElem> {
         (**self)
             .counter()
             .cloned()
-            .flatten()
             .unwrap_or_else(|| Counter::of(FigureElem::elem()))
     }
 
@@ -460,20 +466,24 @@ impl Outlinable for Packed<FigureElem> {
 /// customize the appearance of captions for all figures or figures of a
 /// specific kind.
 ///
-/// In addition to its `position` and `body`, the `caption` also provides the
-/// figure's `kind`, `supplement`, `counter`, and `numbering` as fields. These
-/// parts can be used in [`where`]($function.where) selectors and show rules to
+/// In addition to its `position` and `body`, it is possible to retrieve the
+/// corresponding figure's `kind`, `supplement`, `counter`, and `numbering` by
+/// using the corresponding methods. These parts can be used in show rules to
 /// build a completely custom caption.
 ///
 /// ```example
-/// #show figure.caption: emph
+/// #show figure.caption: it => [
+///   #underline(it.body) |
+///   #it.supplement()
+///   #context it.counter().display(it.numbering())
+/// ]
 ///
 /// #figure(
 ///   rect[Hello],
 ///   caption: [A rectangle],
 /// )
 /// ```
-#[elem(name = "caption", Synthesize, Show)]
+#[elem(scope, name = "caption", Synthesize, Show)]
 pub struct FigureCaption {
     /// The caption's position in the figure. Either `{top}` or `{bottom}`.
     ///
@@ -519,22 +529,6 @@ pub struct FigureCaption {
     pub separator: Smart<Content>,
 
     /// The caption's body.
-    ///
-    /// Can be used alongside `kind`, `supplement`, `counter`, `numbering`, and
-    /// `location` to completely customize the caption.
-    ///
-    /// ```example
-    /// #show figure.caption: it => [
-    ///   #underline(it.body) |
-    ///   #it.supplement
-    ///   #context it.counter.display(it.numbering)
-    /// ]
-    ///
-    /// #figure(
-    ///   rect[Hello],
-    ///   caption: [A rectangle],
-    /// )
-    /// ```
     #[required]
     pub body: Content,
 
@@ -544,20 +538,71 @@ pub struct FigureCaption {
 
     /// The figure's supplement.
     #[synthesized]
-    pub supplement: Option<Content>,
+    pub supplement: Content,
 
     /// How to number the figure.
     #[synthesized]
-    pub numbering: Option<Numbering>,
+    pub numbering: Numbering,
 
     /// The counter for the figure.
     #[synthesized]
-    pub counter: Option<Counter>,
+    pub counter: Counter,
 
     /// The figure's location.
-    #[internal]
     #[synthesized]
-    pub figure_location: Option<Location>,
+    pub figure_location: Location,
+}
+
+#[scope]
+impl FigureCaption {
+    /// The kind of the corresponding figure.
+    ///
+    /// This returns `{none}` in case the corresponding figure does not appear
+    /// in the document.
+    #[func]
+    pub fn kind_(self) -> Option<FigureKind> {
+        self.kind
+    }
+
+    /// The supplement of the corresponding figure.
+    ///
+    /// This returns `{none}` in case the corresponding figure does not appear
+    /// in the document.
+    #[func]
+    pub fn supplement_(self) -> Option<Content> {
+        self.supplement
+    }
+
+    /// The numbering of the corresponding figure.
+    ///
+    /// This returns `{none}` in case the corresponding figure does not appear
+    /// in the document.
+    #[func]
+    pub fn numbering_(self) -> Option<Numbering> {
+        self.numbering
+    }
+
+    /// The counter for the corresponding figure:
+    /// `{counter(figure.where(kind: kind))}` for a figure of kind `{kind}`.
+    ///
+    /// For example, for a table figure, this returns
+    /// `{counter(figure.where(kind: table))}`.
+    ///
+    /// This returns `{none}` in case the corresponding figure does not appear
+    /// in the document, or it is not numbered.
+    #[func]
+    pub fn counter_(self) -> Option<Counter> {
+        self.counter
+    }
+
+    /// The location of the corresponding figure.
+    ///
+    /// This returns `{none}` in case the corresponding figure does not appear
+    /// in the document.
+    #[func]
+    pub fn figure_location_(self) -> Option<Location> {
+        self.figure_location
+    }
 }
 
 impl FigureCaption {
@@ -595,12 +640,7 @@ impl Show for Packed<FigureCaption> {
     fn show(&self, engine: &mut Engine, styles: StyleChain) -> SourceResult<Content> {
         let mut realized = self.body.clone();
 
-        if let (
-            Some(Some(mut supplement)),
-            Some(Some(numbering)),
-            Some(Some(counter)),
-            Some(Some(location)),
-        ) = (
+        if let (Some(mut supplement), Some(numbering), Some(counter), Some(location)) = (
             self.supplement().cloned(),
             self.numbering(),
             self.counter(),
diff --git a/crates/typst-library/src/model/reference.rs b/crates/typst-library/src/model/reference.rs
index 7d44cccc0..71066a9fb 100644
--- a/crates/typst-library/src/model/reference.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-library/src/model/reference.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 use comemo::Track;
 use ecow::eco_format;
 
-use crate::diag::{bail, At, Hint, SourceResult};
+use crate::diag::{bail, At, Hint, SourceResult, StrResult};
 use crate::engine::Engine;
+use crate::foundations::func;
 use crate::foundations::{
     cast, elem, Cast, Content, Context, Func, IntoValue, Label, NativeElement, Packed,
     Show, Smart, StyleChain, Synthesize,
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ use crate::model::{
     BibliographyElem, CiteElem, Destination, Figurable, FootnoteElem, Numbering,
 };
 use crate::text::TextElem;
+use typst_macros::scope;
 
 /// A reference to a label or bibliography.
 ///
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ use crate::text::TextElem;
 ///
 /// #show ref: it => {
 ///   let eq = math.equation
-///   let el = it.element
+///   let el = it.element()
 ///   if el != none and el.func() == eq {
 ///     // Override equation references.
 ///     link(el.location(),numbering(
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ use crate::text::TextElem;
 /// In @beginning we prove @pythagoras.
 /// $ a^2 + b^2 = c^2 $ <pythagoras>
 /// ```
-#[elem(title = "Reference", Synthesize, Locatable, Show)]
+#[elem(scope, title = "Reference", Locatable, Show)]
 pub struct RefElem {
     /// The target label that should be referenced.
     ///
@@ -161,37 +163,6 @@ pub struct RefElem {
     /// ```
     #[default(RefForm::Normal)]
     pub form: RefForm,
-
-    /// A synthesized citation.
-    #[synthesized]
-    pub citation: Option<Packed<CiteElem>>,
-
-    /// The referenced element.
-    #[synthesized]
-    pub element: Option<Content>,
-}
-
-impl Synthesize for Packed<RefElem> {
-    fn synthesize(
-        &mut self,
-        engine: &mut Engine,
-        styles: StyleChain,
-    ) -> SourceResult<()> {
-        let citation = to_citation(self, engine, styles)?;
-
-        let elem = self.as_mut();
-        elem.push_citation(Some(citation));
-        elem.push_element(None);
-
-        if !BibliographyElem::has(engine, elem.target) {
-            if let Ok(found) = engine.introspector.query_label(elem.target).cloned() {
-                elem.push_element(Some(found));
-                return Ok(());
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
 }
 
 impl Show for Packed<RefElem> {
@@ -334,6 +305,25 @@ fn to_citation(
     Ok(elem)
 }
 
+#[scope]
+impl RefElem {
+    /// The referenced element.
+    ///
+    /// If this is a reference to a bibliography entry, this returns `{none}`.
+    #[func]
+    pub fn element(self, engine: &mut Engine) -> StrResult<Option<Content>> {
+        if BibliographyElem::has(engine, self.target) {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        engine.introspector.query_label(self.target).cloned().map(Some)
+    }
+}
+
+cast! {
+    RefElem,
+    v: Content => v.unpack::<Self>().map_err(|_| "expected reference")?
+}
+
 /// Additional content for a reference.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Hash)]
 pub enum Supplement {
diff --git a/crates/typst-library/src/text/raw.rs b/crates/typst-library/src/text/raw.rs
index d5c07424d..977823412 100644
--- a/crates/typst-library/src/text/raw.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-library/src/text/raw.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use comemo::Tracked;
 use ecow::{eco_format, EcoString, EcoVec};
 use syntect::highlighting as synt;
 use syntect::parsing::{SyntaxDefinition, SyntaxSet, SyntaxSetBuilder};
+use typst_macros::func;
 use typst_syntax::{split_newlines, LinkedNode, Span, Spanned};
 use typst_utils::ManuallyHash;
 use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;
@@ -14,8 +15,8 @@ use super::Lang;
 use crate::diag::{At, FileError, SourceResult, StrResult};
 use crate::engine::Engine;
 use crate::foundations::{
-    cast, elem, scope, Bytes, Content, Derived, NativeElement, OneOrMultiple, Packed,
-    PlainText, Show, ShowSet, Smart, StyleChain, Styles, Synthesize, TargetElem,
+    cast, elem, scope, Bytes, Content, Context, Derived, NativeElement, OneOrMultiple,
+    Packed, PlainText, Show, ShowSet, Smart, StyleChain, Styles, TargetElem,
 };
 use crate::html::{tag, HtmlElem};
 use crate::layout::{BlockBody, BlockElem, Em, HAlignment};
@@ -72,16 +73,7 @@ use crate::World;
 /// needed, start the text with a single space (which will be trimmed) or use
 /// the single backtick syntax. If your text should start or end with a
 /// backtick, put a space before or after it (it will be trimmed).
-#[elem(
-    scope,
-    title = "Raw Text / Code",
-    Synthesize,
-    Show,
-    ShowSet,
-    LocalName,
-    Figurable,
-    PlainText
-)]
+#[elem(scope, title = "Raw Text / Code", Show, ShowSet, LocalName, Figurable, PlainText)]
 pub struct RawElem {
     /// The raw text.
     ///
@@ -265,19 +257,27 @@ pub struct RawElem {
     /// ````
     #[default(2)]
     pub tab_size: usize,
-
-    /// The stylized lines of raw text.
-    ///
-    /// Made accessible for the [`raw.line` element]($raw.line).
-    /// Allows more styling control in `show` rules.
-    #[synthesized]
-    pub lines: Vec<Packed<RawLine>>,
 }
 
 #[scope]
 impl RawElem {
     #[elem]
     type RawLine;
+
+    /// The stylized lines of raw text.
+    #[func(contextual)]
+    pub fn lines(
+        self,
+        context: Tracked<Context>,
+        span: Span,
+    ) -> SourceResult<Vec<Packed<RawLine>>> {
+        Ok(self.highlight(context.styles().at(span)?, span))
+    }
+}
+
+cast! {
+    RawElem,
+    v: Content => v.unpack::<Self>().map_err(|_| "expected raw text / code")?
 }
 
 impl RawElem {
@@ -299,24 +299,13 @@ impl RawElem {
             ])
             .collect()
     }
-}
 
-impl Synthesize for Packed<RawElem> {
-    fn synthesize(&mut self, _: &mut Engine, styles: StyleChain) -> SourceResult<()> {
-        let seq = self.highlight(styles);
-        self.push_lines(seq);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-impl Packed<RawElem> {
     #[comemo::memoize]
-    fn highlight(&self, styles: StyleChain) -> Vec<Packed<RawLine>> {
-        let elem = self.as_ref();
-        let lines = preprocess(&elem.text, styles, self.span());
+    fn highlight(&self, styles: StyleChain, span: Span) -> Vec<Packed<RawLine>> {
+        let lines = preprocess(&self.text, styles, span);
 
         let count = lines.len() as i64;
-        let lang = elem
+        let lang = self
             .lang(styles)
             .as_ref()
             .as_ref()
@@ -335,8 +324,8 @@ impl Packed<RawElem> {
             })
         };
 
-        let syntaxes = LazyCell::new(|| elem.syntaxes(styles));
-        let theme: &synt::Theme = match elem.theme(styles) {
+        let syntaxes = LazyCell::new(|| self.syntaxes(styles));
+        let theme: &synt::Theme = match self.theme(styles) {
             Smart::Auto => &RAW_THEME,
             Smart::Custom(Some(theme)) => theme.derived.get(),
             Smart::Custom(None) => return non_highlighted_result(lines).collect(),
@@ -432,7 +421,7 @@ impl Packed<RawElem> {
 impl Show for Packed<RawElem> {
     #[typst_macros::time(name = "raw", span = self.span())]
     fn show(&self, _: &mut Engine, styles: StyleChain) -> SourceResult<Content> {
-        let lines = self.lines().map(|v| v.as_slice()).unwrap_or_default();
+        let lines = self.as_ref().highlight(styles, self.span());
 
         let mut seq = EcoVec::with_capacity((2 * lines.len()).saturating_sub(1));
         for (i, line) in lines.iter().enumerate() {
diff --git a/crates/typst-macros/src/elem.rs b/crates/typst-macros/src/elem.rs
index 67fe7ed6a..cf996b2f8 100644
--- a/crates/typst-macros/src/elem.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-macros/src/elem.rs
@@ -78,9 +78,7 @@ impl Elem {
 
     /// Fields that show up in the documentation.
     fn doc_fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Field> + Clone {
-        self.fields
-            .iter()
-            .filter(|field| !field.internal && !field.synthesized)
+        self.fields.iter().filter(|field| !field.internal)
     }
 
     /// Fields that are relevant for `Construct` impl.
@@ -89,9 +87,8 @@ impl Elem {
     /// because it's a pattern used a lot for parsing data from the input and
     /// then storing it in a field.
     fn construct_fields(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Field> + Clone {
-        self.real_fields().filter(|field| {
-            field.parse.is_some() || (!field.synthesized && !field.internal)
-        })
+        self.real_fields()
+            .filter(|field| field.parse.is_some() || !field.internal)
     }
 
     /// Fields that can be configured with set rules.
@@ -242,6 +239,8 @@ fn parse_field(field: &syn::Field) -> Result<Field> {
     let variadic = has_attr(&mut attrs, "variadic");
     let required = has_attr(&mut attrs, "required") || variadic;
     let positional = has_attr(&mut attrs, "positional") || required;
+    let synthesized = has_attr(&mut attrs, "synthesized");
+    let internal = has_attr(&mut attrs, "internal") || synthesized;
 
     let mut field = Field {
         ident: ident.clone(),
@@ -261,11 +260,11 @@ fn parse_field(field: &syn::Field) -> Result<Field> {
         variadic,
         resolve: has_attr(&mut attrs, "resolve"),
         fold: has_attr(&mut attrs, "fold"),
-        internal: has_attr(&mut attrs, "internal"),
+        internal,
         external: has_attr(&mut attrs, "external"),
         borrowed: has_attr(&mut attrs, "borrowed"),
         ghost: has_attr(&mut attrs, "ghost"),
-        synthesized: has_attr(&mut attrs, "synthesized"),
+        synthesized,
         parse: parse_attr(&mut attrs, "parse")?.flatten(),
         default: parse_attr::<syn::Expr>(&mut attrs, "default")?.flatten(),
     };
diff --git a/crates/typst-macros/src/lib.rs b/crates/typst-macros/src/lib.rs
index 82e63ddc8..fdf707647 100644
--- a/crates/typst-macros/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/typst-macros/src/lib.rs
@@ -201,7 +201,9 @@ pub fn ty(stream: BoundaryStream, item: BoundaryStream) -> BoundaryStream {
 ///   flexibility.
 /// - `#[synthesized]`: The field cannot be specified in a constructor or set
 ///   rule. Instead, it is added to an element before its show rule runs
-///   through the `Synthesize` trait.
+///   through the `Synthesize` trait. This implies `#[internal]`. If a
+///   synthesized field needs to be exposed to the user, that should be done via
+///   a getter method.
 /// - `#[ghost]`: Allows creating fields that are only present in the style chain,
 ///   this means that they *cannot* be accessed by the user, they cannot be set
 ///   on an individual instantiated element, and must be set via the style chain.
diff --git a/tests/suite/math/interactions.typ b/tests/suite/math/interactions.typ
index 209f2f1b5..7cbf184b1 100644
--- a/tests/suite/math/interactions.typ
+++ b/tests/suite/math/interactions.typ
@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ $x$$y$
 --- issue-2821-missing-fields ---
 // Issue #2821: Setting a figure's supplement to none removes the field
 #show figure.caption: it => {
-  assert(it.has("supplement"))
-  assert(it.supplement == none)
+  assert(it.supplement() == none)
 }
 #figure([], caption: [], supplement: none)
 
diff --git a/tests/suite/model/figure.typ b/tests/suite/model/figure.typ
index 37fb4ecda..8c49bc568 100644
--- a/tests/suite/model/figure.typ
+++ b/tests/suite/model/figure.typ
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ We can clearly see that @fig-cylinder and
   if not it.numbering == none {
     title = it.supplement
     if not it.numbering == none {
-      title += " " +  it.counter.display(it.numbering)
+      title += " " + counter(figure.where(kind: it.kind)).display(it.numbering)
     }
   }
   title = strong(title)
@@ -168,7 +168,10 @@ We can clearly see that @fig-cylinder and
 
 --- figure-caption-where-selector ---
 // Test figure.caption element for specific figure kinds
-#show figure.caption.where(kind: table): underline
+#show figure.where(kind: table): it => {
+  show figure.caption: underline
+  it
+}
 
 #figure(
   [Not a table],
@@ -212,8 +215,8 @@ We can clearly see that @fig-cylinder and
 
 #show figure.caption: it => emph[
   #it.body
-  (#it.supplement
-   #context it.counter.display(it.numbering))
+  (#it.supplement()
+   #context it.counter().display(it.numbering()))
 ]
 
 #figure(
diff --git a/tests/suite/text/raw.typ b/tests/suite/text/raw.typ
index a7f58a8d0..b8bdf2ea0 100644
--- a/tests/suite/text/raw.typ
+++ b/tests/suite/text/raw.typ
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ fn main() {
 
 --- raw-line-alternating-fill ---
 #set page(width: 200pt)
-#show raw: it => stack(dir: ttb, ..it.lines)
+#show raw: it => stack(dir: ttb, ..it.lines())
 #show raw.line: it => {
   box(
     width: 100%,
@@ -564,21 +564,21 @@ print(y)
 // Test line extraction works.
 
 #show raw: code => {
-  for i in code.lines {
+  for i in code.lines() {
     test(i.count, 10)
   }
 
-  test(code.lines.at(0).text, "import numpy as np")
-  test(code.lines.at(1).text, "")
-  test(code.lines.at(2).text, "def f(x):")
-  test(code.lines.at(3).text, "    return x**2")
-  test(code.lines.at(4).text, "")
-  test(code.lines.at(5).text, "x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)")
-  test(code.lines.at(6).text, "y = f(x)")
-  test(code.lines.at(7).text, "")
-  test(code.lines.at(8).text, "print(x)")
-  test(code.lines.at(9).text, "print(y)")
-  test(code.lines.at(10, default: none), none)
+  test(code.lines().at(0).text, "import numpy as np")
+  test(code.lines().at(1).text, "")
+  test(code.lines().at(2).text, "def f(x):")
+  test(code.lines().at(3).text, "    return x**2")
+  test(code.lines().at(4).text, "")
+  test(code.lines().at(5).text, "x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)")
+  test(code.lines().at(6).text, "y = f(x)")
+  test(code.lines().at(7).text, "")
+  test(code.lines().at(8).text, "print(x)")
+  test(code.lines().at(9).text, "print(y)")
+  test(code.lines().at(10, default: none), none)
 }
 
 ```py