diff --git a/src/export/pdf/font.rs b/src/export/pdf/font.rs
index 99268f9cd..b3481c437 100644
--- a/src/export/pdf/font.rs
+++ b/src/export/pdf/font.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::util::SliceExt;
 
 /// Embed all used fonts into the PDF.
 pub fn write_fonts(ctx: &mut PdfContext) {
-    for font_id in ctx.font_map.layout_indices() {
+    for &font_id in ctx.font_map.items() {
         let type0_ref = ctx.alloc.bump();
         let cid_ref = ctx.alloc.bump();
         let descriptor_ref = ctx.alloc.bump();
diff --git a/src/export/pdf/image.rs b/src/export/pdf/image.rs
index 90ab228f3..7886524c3 100644
--- a/src/export/pdf/image.rs
+++ b/src/export/pdf/image.rs
@@ -1,25 +1,26 @@
 use std::io::Cursor;
 
-use image::{DynamicImage, GenericImageView, ImageFormat, ImageResult, Rgba};
+use image::{DynamicImage, GenericImageView, ImageResult, Rgba};
 use pdf_writer::{Filter, Finish};
 
 use super::{deflate, PdfContext, RefExt};
-use crate::image::{Image, RasterImage};
+use crate::image::{DecodedImage, ImageFormat};
 
 /// Embed all used images into the PDF.
 pub fn write_images(ctx: &mut PdfContext) {
-    for image_id in ctx.image_map.layout_indices() {
+    for image in ctx.image_map.items() {
         let image_ref = ctx.alloc.bump();
         ctx.image_refs.push(image_ref);
 
-        let img = ctx.images.get(image_id);
-        let width = img.width();
-        let height = img.height();
+        let width = image.width();
+        let height = image.height();
 
         // Add the primary image.
-        match img {
-            Image::Raster(img) => {
-                if let Ok((data, filter, has_color)) = encode_image(img) {
+        match image.decode().unwrap() {
+            DecodedImage::Raster(dynamic) => {
+                if let Ok((data, filter, has_color)) =
+                    encode_image(image.format(), &dynamic)
+                {
                     let mut image = ctx.writer.image_xobject(image_ref, &data);
                     image.filter(filter);
                     image.width(width as i32);
@@ -35,8 +36,8 @@ pub fn write_images(ctx: &mut PdfContext) {
 
                     // Add a second gray-scale image containing the alpha values if
                     // this image has an alpha channel.
-                    if img.buf.color().has_alpha() {
-                        let (alpha_data, alpha_filter) = encode_alpha(img);
+                    if dynamic.color().has_alpha() {
+                        let (alpha_data, alpha_filter) = encode_alpha(&dynamic);
                         let mask_ref = ctx.alloc.bump();
                         image.s_mask(mask_ref);
                         image.finish();
@@ -59,9 +60,9 @@ pub fn write_images(ctx: &mut PdfContext) {
                         .device_gray();
                 }
             }
-            Image::Svg(img) => {
+            DecodedImage::Svg(svg) => {
                 let next_ref = svg2pdf::convert_tree_into(
-                    &img.0,
+                    &svg,
                     svg2pdf::Options::default(),
                     &mut ctx.writer,
                     image_ref,
@@ -76,19 +77,22 @@ pub fn write_images(ctx: &mut PdfContext) {
 /// whether the image has color.
 ///
 /// Skips the alpha channel as that's encoded separately.
-fn encode_image(img: &RasterImage) -> ImageResult<(Vec<u8>, Filter, bool)> {
-    Ok(match (img.format, &img.buf) {
+fn encode_image(
+    format: ImageFormat,
+    dynamic: &DynamicImage,
+) -> ImageResult<(Vec<u8>, Filter, bool)> {
+    Ok(match (format, dynamic) {
         // 8-bit gray JPEG.
-        (ImageFormat::Jpeg, DynamicImage::ImageLuma8(_)) => {
+        (ImageFormat::Jpg, DynamicImage::ImageLuma8(_)) => {
             let mut data = Cursor::new(vec![]);
-            img.buf.write_to(&mut data, img.format)?;
+            dynamic.write_to(&mut data, image::ImageFormat::Jpeg)?;
             (data.into_inner(), Filter::DctDecode, false)
         }
 
         // 8-bit RGB JPEG (CMYK JPEGs get converted to RGB earlier).
-        (ImageFormat::Jpeg, DynamicImage::ImageRgb8(_)) => {
+        (ImageFormat::Jpg, DynamicImage::ImageRgb8(_)) => {
             let mut data = Cursor::new(vec![]);
-            img.buf.write_to(&mut data, img.format)?;
+            dynamic.write_to(&mut data, image::ImageFormat::Jpeg)?;
             (data.into_inner(), Filter::DctDecode, true)
         }
 
@@ -117,7 +121,7 @@ fn encode_image(img: &RasterImage) -> ImageResult<(Vec<u8>, Filter, bool)> {
 }
 
 /// Encode an image's alpha channel if present.
-fn encode_alpha(img: &RasterImage) -> (Vec<u8>, Filter) {
-    let pixels: Vec<_> = img.buf.pixels().map(|(_, _, Rgba([_, _, _, a]))| a).collect();
+fn encode_alpha(dynamic: &DynamicImage) -> (Vec<u8>, Filter) {
+    let pixels: Vec<_> = dynamic.pixels().map(|(_, _, Rgba([_, _, _, a]))| a).collect();
     (deflate(&pixels), Filter::FlateDecode)
 }
diff --git a/src/export/pdf/mod.rs b/src/export/pdf/mod.rs
index 9ab3df24d..7468f7d74 100644
--- a/src/export/pdf/mod.rs
+++ b/src/export/pdf/mod.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use self::page::Page;
 use crate::font::{FontId, FontStore};
 use crate::frame::Frame;
 use crate::geom::{Dir, Em, Length};
-use crate::image::{ImageId, ImageStore};
+use crate::image::Image;
 use crate::library::text::Lang;
 use crate::Context;
 
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ const D65_GRAY: Name<'static> = Name(b"d65gray");
 pub struct PdfContext<'a> {
     writer: PdfWriter,
     fonts: &'a FontStore,
-    images: &'a ImageStore,
     pages: Vec<Page>,
     page_heights: Vec<f32>,
     alloc: Ref,
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ pub struct PdfContext<'a> {
     image_refs: Vec<Ref>,
     page_refs: Vec<Ref>,
     font_map: Remapper<FontId>,
-    image_map: Remapper<ImageId>,
+    image_map: Remapper<Image>,
     glyph_sets: HashMap<FontId, HashSet<u16>>,
     languages: HashMap<Lang, usize>,
     heading_tree: Vec<HeadingNode>,
@@ -68,7 +67,6 @@ impl<'a> PdfContext<'a> {
         Self {
             writer: PdfWriter::new(),
             fonts: &ctx.fonts,
-            images: &ctx.images,
             pages: vec![],
             page_heights: vec![],
             alloc,
@@ -147,36 +145,33 @@ fn deflate(data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
     miniz_oxide::deflate::compress_to_vec_zlib(data, COMPRESSION_LEVEL)
 }
 
-/// Assigns new, consecutive PDF-internal indices to things.
-struct Remapper<Index> {
-    /// Forwards from the old indices to the new pdf indices.
-    to_pdf: HashMap<Index, usize>,
-    /// Backwards from the pdf indices to the old indices.
-    to_layout: Vec<Index>,
+/// Assigns new, consecutive PDF-internal indices to items.
+struct Remapper<T> {
+    /// Forwards from the items to the pdf indices.
+    to_pdf: HashMap<T, usize>,
+    /// Backwards from the pdf indices to the items.
+    to_items: Vec<T>,
 }
 
-impl<Index> Remapper<Index>
+impl<T> Remapper<T>
 where
-    Index: Copy + Eq + Hash,
+    T: Eq + Hash + Clone,
 {
     fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            to_pdf: HashMap::new(),
-            to_layout: vec![],
-        }
+        Self { to_pdf: HashMap::new(), to_items: vec![] }
     }
 
-    fn insert(&mut self, index: Index) {
-        let to_layout = &mut self.to_layout;
-        self.to_pdf.entry(index).or_insert_with(|| {
+    fn insert(&mut self, item: T) {
+        let to_layout = &mut self.to_items;
+        self.to_pdf.entry(item.clone()).or_insert_with(|| {
             let pdf_index = to_layout.len();
-            to_layout.push(index);
+            to_layout.push(item);
             pdf_index
         });
     }
 
-    fn map(&self, index: Index) -> usize {
-        self.to_pdf[&index]
+    fn map(&self, item: T) -> usize {
+        self.to_pdf[&item]
     }
 
     fn pdf_indices<'a>(
@@ -186,8 +181,8 @@ where
         refs.iter().copied().zip(0 .. self.to_pdf.len())
     }
 
-    fn layout_indices(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Index> + '_ {
-        self.to_layout.iter().copied()
+    fn items(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &T> + '_ {
+        self.to_items.iter()
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/export/pdf/page.rs b/src/export/pdf/page.rs
index e5739a82b..6df7531bd 100644
--- a/src/export/pdf/page.rs
+++ b/src/export/pdf/page.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use crate::geom::{
     self, Color, Em, Geometry, Length, Numeric, Paint, Point, Ratio, Shape, Size, Stroke,
     Transform,
 };
-use crate::image::ImageId;
+use crate::image::Image;
 
 /// Construct page objects.
 pub fn construct_pages(ctx: &mut PdfContext, frames: &[Frame]) {
@@ -290,13 +290,12 @@ fn write_frame(ctx: &mut PageContext, frame: &Frame) {
     for &(pos, ref element) in frame.elements() {
         let x = pos.x.to_f32();
         let y = pos.y.to_f32();
-        match *element {
-            Element::Group(ref group) => write_group(ctx, pos, group),
-            Element::Text(ref text) => write_text(ctx, x, y, text),
-            Element::Shape(ref shape) => write_shape(ctx, x, y, shape),
-            Element::Image(id, size) => write_image(ctx, x, y, id, size),
-            Element::Link(ref dest, size) => write_link(ctx, pos, dest, size),
-            Element::Pin(_) => {}
+        match element {
+            Element::Group(group) => write_group(ctx, pos, group),
+            Element::Text(text) => write_text(ctx, x, y, text),
+            Element::Shape(shape) => write_shape(ctx, x, y, shape),
+            Element::Image(image, size) => write_image(ctx, x, y, image, *size),
+            Element::Link(dest, size) => write_link(ctx, pos, dest, *size),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -449,9 +448,9 @@ fn write_path(ctx: &mut PageContext, x: f32, y: f32, path: &geom::Path) {
 }
 
 /// Encode a vector or raster image into the content stream.
-fn write_image(ctx: &mut PageContext, x: f32, y: f32, id: ImageId, size: Size) {
-    ctx.parent.image_map.insert(id);
-    let name = format_eco!("Im{}", ctx.parent.image_map.map(id));
+fn write_image(ctx: &mut PageContext, x: f32, y: f32, image: &Image, size: Size) {
+    ctx.parent.image_map.insert(image.clone());
+    let name = format_eco!("Im{}", ctx.parent.image_map.map(image.clone()));
     let w = size.x.to_f32();
     let h = size.y.to_f32();
     ctx.content.save_state();
diff --git a/src/export/render.rs b/src/export/render.rs
index 525d764d8..688cf9799 100644
--- a/src/export/render.rs
+++ b/src/export/render.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use crate::frame::{Element, Frame, Group, Text};
 use crate::geom::{
     self, Geometry, Length, Paint, PathElement, Shape, Size, Stroke, Transform,
 };
-use crate::image::{Image, RasterImage, Svg};
+use crate::image::{DecodedImage, Image};
 use crate::Context;
 
 /// Export a frame into a rendered image.
@@ -49,21 +49,20 @@ fn render_frame(
         let y = pos.y.to_f32();
         let ts = ts.pre_translate(x, y);
 
-        match *element {
-            Element::Group(ref group) => {
+        match element {
+            Element::Group(group) => {
                 render_group(canvas, ts, mask, ctx, group);
             }
-            Element::Text(ref text) => {
+            Element::Text(text) => {
                 render_text(canvas, ts, mask, ctx, text);
             }
-            Element::Shape(ref shape) => {
+            Element::Shape(shape) => {
                 render_shape(canvas, ts, mask, shape);
             }
-            Element::Image(id, size) => {
-                render_image(canvas, ts, mask, ctx.images.get(id), size);
+            Element::Image(image, size) => {
+                render_image(canvas, ts, mask, image, *size);
             }
             Element::Link(_, _) => {}
-            Element::Pin(_) => {}
         }
     }
 }
@@ -197,17 +196,20 @@ fn render_bitmap_glyph(
     let ppem = size * ts.sy;
     let font = ctx.fonts.get(text.font_id);
     let raster = font.ttf().glyph_raster_image(id, ppem as u16)?;
-    let img = RasterImage::parse(&raster.data).ok()?;
+    let ext = match raster.format {
+        ttf_parser::RasterImageFormat::PNG => "png",
+    };
+    let image = Image::new(raster.data.into(), ext).ok()?;
 
     // FIXME: Vertical alignment isn't quite right for Apple Color Emoji,
     // and maybe also for Noto Color Emoji. And: Is the size calculation
     // correct?
     let h = text.size;
-    let w = (img.width() as f64 / img.height() as f64) * h;
-    let dx = (raster.x as f32) / (img.width() as f32) * size;
-    let dy = (raster.y as f32) / (img.height() as f32) * size;
+    let w = (image.width() as f64 / image.height() as f64) * h;
+    let dx = (raster.x as f32) / (image.width() as f32) * size;
+    let dy = (raster.y as f32) / (image.height() as f32) * size;
     let ts = ts.pre_translate(dx, -size - dy);
-    render_image(canvas, ts, mask, &Image::Raster(img), Size::new(w, h))
+    render_image(canvas, ts, mask, &image, Size::new(w, h))
 }
 
 /// Render an outline glyph into the canvas. This is the "normal" case.
@@ -338,33 +340,33 @@ fn render_image(
     canvas: &mut sk::Pixmap,
     ts: sk::Transform,
     mask: Option<&sk::ClipMask>,
-    img: &Image,
+    image: &Image,
     size: Size,
 ) -> Option<()> {
     let view_width = size.x.to_f32();
     let view_height = size.y.to_f32();
 
-    let aspect = (img.width() as f32) / (img.height() as f32);
+    let aspect = (image.width() as f32) / (image.height() as f32);
     let scale = ts.sx.max(ts.sy);
     let w = (scale * view_width.max(aspect * view_height)).ceil() as u32;
     let h = ((w as f32) / aspect).ceil() as u32;
 
     let mut pixmap = sk::Pixmap::new(w, h)?;
-    match img {
-        Image::Raster(img) => {
-            let downscale = w < img.width();
+    match image.decode().unwrap() {
+        DecodedImage::Raster(dynamic) => {
+            let downscale = w < image.width();
             let filter = if downscale {
                 FilterType::Lanczos3
             } else {
                 FilterType::CatmullRom
             };
-            let buf = img.buf.resize(w, h, filter);
+            let buf = dynamic.resize(w, h, filter);
             for ((_, _, src), dest) in buf.pixels().zip(pixmap.pixels_mut()) {
                 let Rgba([r, g, b, a]) = src;
                 *dest = sk::ColorU8::from_rgba(r, g, b, a).premultiply();
             }
         }
-        Image::Svg(Svg(tree)) => {
+        DecodedImage::Svg(tree) => {
             resvg::render(
                 &tree,
                 FitTo::Size(w, h),
diff --git a/src/font.rs b/src/font.rs
index 8f440c52c..1fa86ba62 100644
--- a/src/font.rs
+++ b/src/font.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use ttf_parser::{name_id, GlyphId, PlatformId, Tag};
 use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;
 
 use crate::geom::Em;
-use crate::loading::{FileHash, Loader};
+use crate::loading::{Buffer, FileHash, Loader};
 
 /// A unique identifier for a loaded font.
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub struct FontStore {
     failed: Vec<bool>,
     fonts: Vec<Option<Font>>,
     families: BTreeMap<String, Vec<FontId>>,
-    buffers: HashMap<FileHash, Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
+    buffers: HashMap<FileHash, Buffer>,
 }
 
 impl FontStore {
@@ -214,11 +214,11 @@ impl FontStore {
             Entry::Occupied(entry) => entry.into_mut(),
             Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
                 let buffer = self.loader.load(path).ok()?;
-                entry.insert(Arc::new(buffer))
+                entry.insert(buffer)
             }
         };
 
-        let font = Font::new(Arc::clone(buffer), index)?;
+        let font = Font::new(buffer.clone(), index)?;
         *slot = Some(font);
         self.failed[idx] = false;
 
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ pub struct Font {
     /// The raw font data, possibly shared with other fonts from the same
     /// collection. The vector's allocation must not move, because `ttf` points
     /// into it using unsafe code.
-    buffer: Arc<Vec<u8>>,
+    data: Buffer,
     /// The font's index in the collection (zero if not a collection).
     index: u32,
     /// The underlying ttf-parser/rustybuzz face.
@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@ pub struct Font {
 }
 
 impl Font {
-    /// Parse a font from a buffer and collection index.
-    pub fn new(buffer: Arc<Vec<u8>>, index: u32) -> Option<Self> {
+    /// Parse a font from data and collection index.
+    pub fn new(data: Buffer, index: u32) -> Option<Self> {
         // Safety:
         // - The slices's location is stable in memory:
         //   - We don't move the underlying vector
@@ -260,13 +260,13 @@ impl Font {
         // - The internal 'static lifetime is not leaked because its rewritten
         //   to the self-lifetime in `ttf()`.
         let slice: &'static [u8] =
-            unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(buffer.as_ptr(), buffer.len()) };
+            unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(data.as_ptr(), data.len()) };
 
         let ttf = rustybuzz::Face::from_slice(slice, index)?;
         let metrics = FontMetrics::from_ttf(&ttf);
 
         Some(Self {
-            buffer,
+            data,
             index,
             ttf,
             metrics,
@@ -275,8 +275,8 @@ impl Font {
     }
 
     /// The underlying buffer.
-    pub fn buffer(&self) -> &Arc<Vec<u8>> {
-        &self.buffer
+    pub fn buffer(&self) -> &Buffer {
+        &self.data
     }
 
     /// The collection index.
diff --git a/src/frame.rs b/src/frame.rs
index 8e0cb0dca..7a5fb9e4c 100644
--- a/src/frame.rs
+++ b/src/frame.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::font::FontId;
 use crate::geom::{
     Align, Em, Length, Numeric, Paint, Point, Shape, Size, Spec, Transform,
 };
-use crate::image::ImageId;
+use crate::image::Image;
 use crate::library::text::Lang;
 use crate::util::EcoString;
 
@@ -303,12 +303,9 @@ pub enum Element {
     /// A geometric shape with optional fill and stroke.
     Shape(Shape),
     /// An image and its size.
-    Image(ImageId, Size),
+    Image(Image, Size),
     /// A link to an external resource and its trigger region.
     Link(Destination, Size),
-    /// A pin identified by index. This is used to find elements on the pages
-    /// and use their location in formatting. Exporters can just ignore it.
-    Pin(usize),
 }
 
 impl Debug for Element {
@@ -319,7 +316,6 @@ impl Debug for Element {
             Self::Shape(shape) => write!(f, "{shape:?}"),
             Self::Image(image, _) => write!(f, "{image:?}"),
             Self::Link(dest, _) => write!(f, "Link({dest:?})"),
-            Self::Pin(idx) => write!(f, "Pin({idx})"),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/image.rs b/src/image.rs
index 8ef404fe9..c2631477f 100644
--- a/src/image.rs
+++ b/src/image.rs
@@ -1,213 +1,139 @@
 //! Image handling.
 
-use std::collections::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap};
-use std::ffi::OsStr;
-use std::fmt::{self, Debug, Formatter};
 use std::io;
-use std::path::Path;
-use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use image::io::Reader as ImageReader;
-use image::{DynamicImage, ImageFormat};
+use crate::loading::Buffer;
 
-use crate::diag::{failed_to_load, StrResult};
-use crate::loading::{FileHash, Loader};
-
-/// A unique identifier for a loaded image.
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
-pub struct ImageId(u32);
-
-impl ImageId {
-    /// Create an image id from the raw underlying value.
-    ///
-    /// This should only be called with values returned by
-    /// [`into_raw`](Self::into_raw).
-    pub const fn from_raw(v: u32) -> Self {
-        Self(v)
-    }
-
-    /// Convert into the raw underlying value.
-    pub const fn into_raw(self) -> u32 {
-        self.0
-    }
+/// A raster or vector image.
+///
+/// Values of this type are cheap to clone and hash.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
+pub struct Image {
+    /// The raw, undecoded image data.
+    data: Buffer,
+    /// The format of the encoded `buffer`.
+    format: ImageFormat,
+    /// The width in pixels.
+    width: u32,
+    /// The height in pixels.
+    height: u32,
 }
 
-/// Storage for loaded and decoded images.
-pub struct ImageStore {
-    loader: Arc<dyn Loader>,
-    files: HashMap<FileHash, ImageId>,
-    images: Vec<Image>,
-}
-
-impl ImageStore {
-    /// Create a new, empty image store.
-    pub fn new(loader: Arc<dyn Loader>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            loader,
-            files: HashMap::new(),
-            images: vec![],
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Get a reference to a loaded image.
-    ///
-    /// This panics if no image with this `id` was loaded. This function should
-    /// only be called with ids returned by this store's [`load()`](Self::load)
-    /// method.
-    #[track_caller]
-    pub fn get(&self, id: ImageId) -> &Image {
-        &self.images[id.0 as usize]
-    }
-
-    /// Load and decode an image file from a path relative to the compilation
-    /// environment's root.
-    pub fn load(&mut self, path: &Path) -> StrResult<ImageId> {
-        let mut try_load = || -> io::Result<ImageId> {
-            let hash = self.loader.resolve(path)?;
-            Ok(*match self.files.entry(hash) {
-                Entry::Occupied(entry) => entry.into_mut(),
-                Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
-                    let buffer = self.loader.load(path)?;
-                    let ext =
-                        path.extension().and_then(OsStr::to_str).unwrap_or_default();
-                    let image = Image::parse(&buffer, ext)?;
-                    let id = ImageId(self.images.len() as u32);
-                    self.images.push(image);
-                    entry.insert(id)
-                }
-            })
-        };
-
-        try_load().map_err(|err| failed_to_load("image", path, err))
-    }
-}
-
-/// A loaded image.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum Image {
+/// A decoded image.
+pub enum DecodedImage {
     /// A pixel raster format, like PNG or JPEG.
-    Raster(RasterImage),
+    Raster(image::DynamicImage),
     /// An SVG vector graphic.
-    Svg(Svg),
+    Svg(usvg::Tree),
+}
+
+/// A raster or vector image format.
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
+pub enum ImageFormat {
+    /// Raster format for illustrations and transparent graphics.
+    Png,
+    /// Lossy raster format suitable for photos.
+    Jpg,
+    /// Raster format that is typically used for short animated clips.
+    Gif,
+    /// The vector graphics format of the web.
+    Svg,
 }
 
 impl Image {
-    /// Parse an image from raw data. The file extension is used as a hint for
-    /// which error message describes the problem best.
-    pub fn parse(data: &[u8], ext: &str) -> io::Result<Self> {
-        match Svg::parse(data) {
-            Ok(svg) => return Ok(Self::Svg(svg)),
-            Err(err) if matches!(ext, "svg" | "svgz") => return Err(err),
-            Err(_) => {}
-        }
+    /// Create an image from a raw buffer and a file extension.
+    ///
+    /// The file extension is used to determine the format.
+    pub fn new(data: Buffer, ext: &str) -> io::Result<Self> {
+        let format = match ext {
+            "svg" | "svgz" => ImageFormat::Svg,
+            "png" => ImageFormat::Png,
+            "jpg" | "jpeg" => ImageFormat::Jpg,
+            "gif" => ImageFormat::Gif,
+            _ => {
+                return Err(io::Error::new(
+                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidData,
+                    "unknown image format",
+                ));
+            }
+        };
 
-        match RasterImage::parse(data) {
-            Ok(raster) => return Ok(Self::Raster(raster)),
-            Err(err) if matches!(ext, "png" | "jpg" | "jpeg" | "gif") => return Err(err),
-            Err(_) => {}
-        }
+        let (width, height) = match format {
+            ImageFormat::Svg => {
+                let opts = usvg::Options::default();
+                let tree =
+                    usvg::Tree::from_data(&data, &opts.to_ref()).map_err(invalid)?;
 
-        Err(io::Error::new(
-            io::ErrorKind::InvalidData,
-            "unknown image format",
-        ))
+                let size = tree.svg_node().size;
+                let width = size.width().ceil() as u32;
+                let height = size.height().ceil() as u32;
+                (width, height)
+            }
+            _ => {
+                let cursor = io::Cursor::new(&data);
+                let format = convert_format(format);
+                let reader = image::io::Reader::with_format(cursor, format);
+                reader.into_dimensions().map_err(invalid)?
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(Self { data, format, width, height })
+    }
+
+    /// The raw image data.
+    pub fn data(&self) -> &Buffer {
+        &self.data
+    }
+
+    /// The format of the image.
+    pub fn format(&self) -> ImageFormat {
+        self.format
     }
 
     /// The width of the image in pixels.
     pub fn width(&self) -> u32 {
-        match self {
-            Self::Raster(image) => image.width(),
-            Self::Svg(image) => image.width(),
-        }
+        self.width
     }
 
     /// The height of the image in pixels.
     pub fn height(&self) -> u32 {
-        match self {
-            Self::Raster(image) => image.height(),
-            Self::Svg(image) => image.height(),
-        }
+        self.height
+    }
+
+    /// Decode the image.
+    pub fn decode(&self) -> io::Result<DecodedImage> {
+        Ok(match self.format {
+            ImageFormat::Svg => {
+                let opts = usvg::Options::default();
+                let tree =
+                    usvg::Tree::from_data(&self.data, &opts.to_ref()).map_err(invalid)?;
+                DecodedImage::Svg(tree)
+            }
+            _ => {
+                let cursor = io::Cursor::new(&self.data);
+                let format = convert_format(self.format);
+                let reader = image::io::Reader::with_format(cursor, format);
+                let dynamic = reader.decode().map_err(invalid)?;
+                DecodedImage::Raster(dynamic)
+            }
+        })
     }
 }
 
-/// A raster image, supported through the image crate.
-pub struct RasterImage {
-    /// The original format the image was encoded in.
-    pub format: ImageFormat,
-    /// The decoded image.
-    pub buf: DynamicImage,
-}
-
-impl RasterImage {
-    /// Parse an image from raw data in a supported format (PNG, JPEG or GIF).
-    ///
-    /// The image format is determined automatically.
-    pub fn parse(data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<Self> {
-        let cursor = io::Cursor::new(data);
-        let reader = ImageReader::new(cursor).with_guessed_format()?;
-        let format = reader
-            .format()
-            .ok_or_else(|| io::Error::from(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData))?;
-
-        let buf = reader
-            .decode()
-            .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, err))?;
-
-        Ok(Self { format, buf })
-    }
-
-    /// The width of the image.
-    pub fn width(&self) -> u32 {
-        self.buf.width()
-    }
-
-    /// The height of the image.
-    pub fn height(&self) -> u32 {
-        self.buf.height()
+/// Convert a raster image format to the image crate's format.
+fn convert_format(format: ImageFormat) -> image::ImageFormat {
+    match format {
+        ImageFormat::Png => image::ImageFormat::Png,
+        ImageFormat::Jpg => image::ImageFormat::Jpeg,
+        ImageFormat::Gif => image::ImageFormat::Gif,
+        ImageFormat::Svg => panic!("must be a raster format"),
     }
 }
 
-impl Debug for RasterImage {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("Image")
-            .field("format", &self.format)
-            .field("color", &self.buf.color())
-            .field("width", &self.width())
-            .field("height", &self.height())
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
-/// An SVG image, supported through the usvg crate.
-pub struct Svg(pub usvg::Tree);
-
-impl Svg {
-    /// Parse an SVG file from a data buffer. This also handles `.svgz`
-    /// compressed files.
-    pub fn parse(data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<Self> {
-        let usvg_opts = usvg::Options::default();
-        usvg::Tree::from_data(data, &usvg_opts.to_ref())
-            .map(Self)
-            .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, err))
-    }
-
-    /// The width of the image in rounded-up nominal SVG pixels.
-    pub fn width(&self) -> u32 {
-        self.0.svg_node().size.width().ceil() as u32
-    }
-
-    /// The height of the image in rounded-up nominal SVG pixels.
-    pub fn height(&self) -> u32 {
-        self.0.svg_node().size.height().ceil() as u32
-    }
-}
-
-impl Debug for Svg {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("Svg")
-            .field("width", &self.0.svg_node().size.width())
-            .field("height", &self.0.svg_node().size.height())
-            .field("viewBox", &self.0.svg_node().view_box)
-            .finish()
-    }
+/// Turn any error into an I/O error.
+fn invalid<E>(error: E) -> io::Error
+where
+    E: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+    io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, error)
 }
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index 572a05417..9da37df79 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ use crate::diag::TypResult;
 use crate::eval::Scope;
 use crate::font::FontStore;
 use crate::frame::Frame;
-use crate::image::ImageStore;
 use crate::loading::Loader;
 use crate::model::StyleMap;
 use crate::source::{SourceId, SourceStore};
@@ -80,8 +79,6 @@ pub struct Context {
     pub sources: SourceStore,
     /// Stores parsed fonts.
     pub fonts: FontStore,
-    /// Stores decoded images.
-    pub images: ImageStore,
     /// The context's configuration.
     config: Config,
 }
@@ -93,7 +90,6 @@ impl Context {
             loader: Arc::clone(&loader),
             sources: SourceStore::new(Arc::clone(&loader)),
             fonts: FontStore::new(Arc::clone(&loader)),
-            images: ImageStore::new(loader),
             config,
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/library/graphics/image.rs b/src/library/graphics/image.rs
index feb37ae64..784afa01f 100644
--- a/src/library/graphics/image.rs
+++ b/src/library/graphics/image.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-use crate::image::ImageId;
+use std::ffi::OsStr;
+
+use crate::image::Image;
 use crate::library::prelude::*;
 use crate::library::text::TextNode;
 
 /// Show a raster or vector graphic.
 #[derive(Debug, Hash)]
-pub struct ImageNode(pub ImageId);
+pub struct ImageNode(pub Image);
 
 #[node]
 impl ImageNode {
@@ -16,12 +18,20 @@ impl ImageNode {
             args.expect::<Spanned<EcoString>>("path to image file")?;
 
         let full = vm.locate(&path).at(span)?;
-        let id = vm.ctx.images.load(&full).at(span)?;
+        let ext = full.extension().and_then(OsStr::to_str).unwrap_or_default();
+        let image = vm
+            .ctx
+            .loader
+            .load(&full)
+            .and_then(|buffer| Image::new(buffer, ext))
+            .map_err(|err| failed_to_load("image", &full, err))
+            .at(span)?;
+
         let width = args.named("width")?;
         let height = args.named("height")?;
 
         Ok(Content::inline(
-            ImageNode(id).pack().sized(Spec::new(width, height)),
+            ImageNode(image).pack().sized(Spec::new(width, height)),
         ))
     }
 }
@@ -29,13 +39,12 @@ impl ImageNode {
 impl Layout for ImageNode {
     fn layout(
         &self,
-        ctx: &mut Context,
+        _: &mut Context,
         regions: &Regions,
         styles: StyleChain,
     ) -> TypResult<Vec<Frame>> {
-        let img = ctx.images.get(self.0);
-        let pxw = img.width() as f64;
-        let pxh = img.height() as f64;
+        let pxw = self.0.width() as f64;
+        let pxh = self.0.height() as f64;
         let px_ratio = pxw / pxh;
 
         // Find out whether the image is wider or taller than the target size.
@@ -71,7 +80,7 @@ impl Layout for ImageNode {
         // the frame to the target size, center aligning the image in the
         // process.
         let mut frame = Frame::new(fitted);
-        frame.push(Point::zero(), Element::Image(self.0, fitted));
+        frame.push(Point::zero(), Element::Image(self.0.clone(), fitted));
         frame.resize(target, Align::CENTER_HORIZON);
 
         // Create a clipping group if only part of the image should be visible.
diff --git a/src/library/text/par.rs b/src/library/text/par.rs
index 6c5c97655..168aca262 100644
--- a/src/library/text/par.rs
+++ b/src/library/text/par.rs
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@ pub enum ParChild {
     Spacing(Spacing),
     /// An arbitrary inline-level node.
     Node(LayoutNode),
-    /// A pin identified by index.
-    Pin(usize),
 }
 
 #[node]
@@ -101,7 +99,6 @@ impl Debug for ParChild {
             Self::Quote { double } => write!(f, "Quote({double})"),
             Self::Spacing(kind) => write!(f, "{:?}", kind),
             Self::Node(node) => node.fmt(f),
-            Self::Pin(idx) => write!(f, "Pin({idx})"),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -197,7 +194,6 @@ type Range = std::ops::Range<usize>;
 // paragraph's full text.
 const SPACING_REPLACE: char = ' '; // Space
 const NODE_REPLACE: char = '\u{FFFC}'; // Object Replacement Character
-const PIN_REPLACE: char = '\u{200D}'; // Zero Width Joiner
 
 /// A paragraph representation in which children are already layouted and text
 /// is already preshaped.
@@ -278,8 +274,6 @@ enum Segment<'a> {
     Spacing(Spacing),
     /// An arbitrary inline-level layout node.
     Node(&'a LayoutNode),
-    /// A pin identified by index.
-    Pin(usize),
 }
 
 impl Segment<'_> {
@@ -289,7 +283,6 @@ impl Segment<'_> {
             Self::Text(len) => len,
             Self::Spacing(_) => SPACING_REPLACE.len_utf8(),
             Self::Node(_) => NODE_REPLACE.len_utf8(),
-            Self::Pin(_) => PIN_REPLACE.len_utf8(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -307,8 +300,6 @@ enum Item<'a> {
     Frame(Frame),
     /// A repeating node that fills the remaining space.
     Repeat(&'a RepeatNode, StyleChain<'a>),
-    /// A pin identified by index.
-    Pin(usize),
 }
 
 impl<'a> Item<'a> {
@@ -326,7 +317,6 @@ impl<'a> Item<'a> {
             Self::Text(shaped) => shaped.text.len(),
             Self::Absolute(_) | Self::Fractional(_) => SPACING_REPLACE.len_utf8(),
             Self::Frame(_) | Self::Repeat(_, _) => NODE_REPLACE.len_utf8(),
-            Self::Pin(_) => PIN_REPLACE.len_utf8(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -336,7 +326,7 @@ impl<'a> Item<'a> {
             Self::Text(shaped) => shaped.width,
             Self::Absolute(v) => *v,
             Self::Frame(frame) => frame.width(),
-            Self::Fractional(_) | Self::Repeat(_, _) | Self::Pin(_) => Length::zero(),
+            Self::Fractional(_) | Self::Repeat(_, _) => Length::zero(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -467,7 +457,6 @@ fn collect<'a>(
                         ParChild::Quote { .. } => Some('"'),
                         ParChild::Spacing(_) => Some(SPACING_REPLACE),
                         ParChild::Node(_) => Some(NODE_REPLACE),
-                        ParChild::Pin(_) => Some(PIN_REPLACE),
                     });
 
                     full.push_str(quoter.quote(&quotes, double, peeked));
@@ -484,10 +473,6 @@ fn collect<'a>(
                 full.push(NODE_REPLACE);
                 Segment::Node(node)
             }
-            &ParChild::Pin(idx) => {
-                full.push(PIN_REPLACE);
-                Segment::Pin(idx)
-            }
         };
 
         if let Some(last) = full.chars().last() {
@@ -556,7 +541,6 @@ fn prepare<'a>(
                     items.push(Item::Frame(frame));
                 }
             }
-            Segment::Pin(idx) => items.push(Item::Pin(idx)),
         }
 
         cursor = end;
@@ -1187,11 +1171,6 @@ fn commit(
                 }
                 offset = before + fill;
             }
-            Item::Pin(idx) => {
-                let mut frame = Frame::new(Size::zero());
-                frame.push(Point::zero(), Element::Pin(*idx));
-                push(&mut offset, frame);
-            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/loading/fs.rs b/src/loading/fs.rs
index 70ab5e538..55aa967b5 100644
--- a/src/loading/fs.rs
+++ b/src/loading/fs.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use memmap2::Mmap;
 use same_file::Handle;
 use walkdir::WalkDir;
 
-use super::{FileHash, Loader};
+use super::{Buffer, FileHash, Loader};
 use crate::font::FontInfo;
 
 /// Loads fonts and files from the local file system.
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl Loader for FsLoader {
         }
     }
 
-    fn load(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
-        fs::read(path)
+    fn load(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<Buffer> {
+        Ok(fs::read(path)?.into())
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/loading/mem.rs b/src/loading/mem.rs
index 320de3493..36e920d9b 100644
--- a/src/loading/mem.rs
+++ b/src/loading/mem.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::io;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
-use super::{FileHash, Loader};
+use super::{Buffer, FileHash, Loader};
 use crate::font::FontInfo;
 use crate::util::PathExt;
 
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ impl Loader for MemLoader {
         }
     }
 
-    fn load(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    fn load(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<Buffer> {
         self.files
             .get(&path.normalize())
-            .map(|cow| cow.clone().into_owned())
+            .map(|cow| cow.clone().into_owned().into())
             .ok_or_else(|| io::ErrorKind::NotFound.into())
     }
 }
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         // Test that the file can be loaded.
         assert_eq!(
-            loader.load(Path::new("directory/../PTSans.ttf")).unwrap(),
+            loader.load(Path::new("directory/../PTSans.ttf")).unwrap().as_slice(),
             data
         );
     }
diff --git a/src/loading/mod.rs b/src/loading/mod.rs
index d37dd1fc4..ecc1e8d5e 100644
--- a/src/loading/mod.rs
+++ b/src/loading/mod.rs
@@ -8,10 +8,14 @@ mod mem;
 pub use fs::*;
 pub use mem::*;
 
+use std::fmt::{self, Debug, Formatter};
 use std::io;
+use std::ops::Deref;
 use std::path::Path;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use crate::font::FontInfo;
+use crate::util::Prehashed;
 
 /// A hash that identifies a file.
 ///
@@ -29,7 +33,7 @@ pub trait Loader {
     fn resolve(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<FileHash>;
 
     /// Load a file from a path.
-    fn load(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>>;
+    fn load(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<Buffer>;
 }
 
 /// A loader which serves nothing.
@@ -44,7 +48,61 @@ impl Loader for BlankLoader {
         Err(io::ErrorKind::NotFound.into())
     }
 
-    fn load(&self, _: &Path) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    fn load(&self, _: &Path) -> io::Result<Buffer> {
         Err(io::ErrorKind::NotFound.into())
     }
 }
+
+/// A shared buffer that is cheap to clone.
+#[derive(Clone, Hash, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Buffer(Prehashed<Arc<Vec<u8>>>);
+
+impl Buffer {
+    /// Return a view into the buffer.
+    pub fn as_slice(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Return a copy of the buffer as a vector.
+    pub fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        self.0.to_vec()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&[u8]> for Buffer {
+    fn from(slice: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        Self(Prehashed::new(Arc::new(slice.to_vec())))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Vec<u8>> for Buffer {
+    fn from(vec: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
+        Self(Prehashed::new(Arc::new(vec)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Arc<Vec<u8>>> for Buffer {
+    fn from(arc: Arc<Vec<u8>>) -> Self {
+        Self(Prehashed::new(arc))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deref for Buffer {
+    type Target = [u8];
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsRef<[u8]> for Buffer {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl Debug for Buffer {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.pad("Buffer(..)")
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/model/content.rs b/src/model/content.rs
index efbaed0e4..ae86e2790 100644
--- a/src/model/content.rs
+++ b/src/model/content.rs
@@ -90,8 +90,6 @@ pub enum Content {
     /// A node that can be realized with styles, optionally with attached
     /// properties.
     Show(ShowNode, Option<Dict>),
-    /// A pin identified by index.
-    Pin(usize),
     /// Content with attached styles.
     Styled(Arc<(Self, StyleMap)>),
     /// A sequence of multiple nodes.
@@ -281,7 +279,6 @@ impl Debug for Content {
             Self::Pagebreak { weak } => write!(f, "Pagebreak({weak})"),
             Self::Page(page) => page.fmt(f),
             Self::Show(node, _) => node.fmt(f),
-            Self::Pin(idx) => write!(f, "Pin({idx})"),
             Self::Styled(styled) => {
                 let (sub, map) = styled.as_ref();
                 map.fmt(f)?;
@@ -651,9 +648,6 @@ impl<'a> ParBuilder<'a> {
             Content::Inline(node) => {
                 self.0.supportive(ParChild::Node(node.clone()), styles);
             }
-            &Content::Pin(idx) => {
-                self.0.ignorant(ParChild::Pin(idx), styles);
-            }
             _ => return false,
         }
 
@@ -673,7 +667,7 @@ impl<'a> ParBuilder<'a> {
             && children
                 .items()
                 .find_map(|child| match child {
-                    ParChild::Spacing(_) | ParChild::Pin(_) => None,
+                    ParChild::Spacing(_) => None,
                     ParChild::Text(_) | ParChild::Quote { .. } => Some(true),
                     ParChild::Node(_) => Some(false),
                 })
diff --git a/src/source.rs b/src/source.rs
index 145791b23..226480197 100644
--- a/src/source.rs
+++ b/src/source.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
     /// root.
     ///
     /// If there already exists a source file for this path, it is
-    /// [replaced](SourceFile::replace).
+    /// [replaced](Source::replace).
     pub fn load(&mut self, path: &Path) -> StrResult<SourceId> {
         let mut try_load = || -> io::Result<SourceId> {
             let hash = self.loader.resolve(path)?;
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
             }
 
             let data = self.loader.load(path)?;
-            let src = String::from_utf8(data).map_err(|_| {
+            let src = String::from_utf8(data.to_vec()).map_err(|_| {
                 io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, "file is not valid utf-8")
             })?;
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
     /// will use the inserted file instead of going through [`Loader::load`].
     ///
     /// If the path is resolvable and points to an existing source file, it is
-    /// [replaced](SourceFile::replace).
+    /// [replaced](Source::replace).
     pub fn provide(&mut self, path: impl AsRef<Path>, src: String) -> SourceId {
         let path = path.as_ref();
         let hash = self.loader.resolve(path).ok();
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
         id
     }
 
-    /// Fully [replace](SourceFile::replace) the source text of a file.
+    /// Fully [replace](Source::replace) the source text of a file.
     ///
     /// This panics if no source file with this `id` exists.
     #[track_caller]
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
         self.sources[id.0 as usize].replace(src)
     }
 
-    /// [Edit](SourceFile::edit) a source file by replacing the given range.
+    /// [Edit](Source::edit) a source file by replacing the given range.
     ///
     /// This panics if no source file with this `id` exists or if the `replace`
     /// range is out of bounds.
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
         self.sources[id.0 as usize].edit(replace, with)
     }
 
-    /// Map a span that points into a [file](SourceFile::range) stored in this
+    /// Map a span that points into a [file](Source::range) stored in this
     /// source store to a byte range.
     ///
     /// Panics if the span does not point into this source store.