Add gcd and lcm calculation methods (#789)

library/src/compute/calc.rs

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ pub fn module() -> Module {
     scope.define("fact", fact);
     scope.define("perm", perm);
     scope.define("binom", binom);
+    scope.define("gcd", gcd);
+    scope.define("lcm", lcm);
     scope.define("floor", floor);
     scope.define("ceil", ceil);
     scope.define("round", round);
@@ -522,6 +524,72 @@ fn binomial(n: u64, k: u64) -> Option<i64> {
     i64::try_from(result).ok()
 }
 
+/// Calculate the greatest common divisor of two integers.
+///
+/// ## Example
+/// ```example
+/// #calc.gcd(7, 42)
+/// ```
+///
+/// Display: Greatest Common Divisor
+/// Category: calculate
+/// Returns: integer
+#[func]
+pub fn gcd(
+    /// The first integer.
+    a: i64,
+    /// The second integer.
+    b: i64,
+) -> Value {
+    Value::Int(calculate_gcd(a, b).into())
+}
+
+/// Calculates the greatest common divisor of two integers
+/// It is always non-negative.
+fn calculate_gcd(mut a: i64, mut b: i64) -> i64 {
+    while b != 0 {
+        let temp = b;
+        b = a % b;
+        a = temp;
+    }
+
+    a.abs()
+}
+
+/// Calculate the least common multiple of two integers.
+///
+/// ## Example
+/// ```example
+/// #calc.lcm(96, 13)
+/// ```
+///
+/// Display: Least Common Multiple
+/// Category: calculate
+/// Returns: integer
+#[func]
+pub fn lcm(
+    /// The first integer.
+    a: i64,
+    /// The second integer.
+    b: i64,
+) -> Value {
+    calculate_lcm(a, b)
+        .map(Value::Int)
+        .ok_or("the return value is too large")
+        .at(args.span)?
+}
+
+/// Calculates the least common multiple between two non-zero integers
+/// Returns None if the value cannot be computed.
+/// It is always non-negative.
+fn calculate_lcm(a: i64, b: i64) -> Option<i64> {
+    if a == b {
+        return Some(a.abs());
+    }
+
+    a.checked_div(calculate_gcd(a, b))?.checked_mul(b).map(|v| v.abs())
+}
+
 /// Round a number down to the nearest integer.
 ///
 /// If the number is already an integer, it is returned unchanged.

tests/typ/compute/calc.typ

@@ -146,6 +146,30 @@
 #test(calc.binom(5, 6), 0)
 #test(calc.binom(6, 2), 15)
 
+---
+// Test the `gcd` function.
+#test(calc.gcd(112, 77), 7)
+#test(calc.gcd(12, 96), 12)
+#test(calc.gcd(13, 9), 1)
+#test(calc.gcd(13, -9), 1)
+#test(calc.gcd(272557, 272557), 272557)
+#test(calc.gcd(0, 0), 0)
+#test(calc.gcd(7, 0), 7)
+
+---
+// Test the `lcm` function.
+#test(calc.lcm(112, 77), 1232)
+#test(calc.lcm(12, 96), 96)
+#test(calc.lcm(13, 9), 117)
+#test(calc.lcm(13, -9), 117)
+#test(calc.lcm(272557, 272557), 272557)
+#test(calc.lcm(0, 0), 0)
+#test(calc.lcm(8, 0), 0)
+
+---
+// Error: 10-41 the return value is too large
+#calc.lcm(15486487489457, 4874879896543)
+
 ---
 // Error: 10-12 expected at least one value
 #calc.min()